Can an ETF go bust?
Here's why it may happen and what to do if one of your funds shutters. Like any business, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) can close up shop. But with so much riding on your investments, you want to be sure your ETFs are as sound as possible.
Liquidation of ETFs is strictly regulated; when an ETF closes, any remaining shareholders will receive a payout based on what they had invested in the ETF. Receiving an ETF payout can be a taxable event.
But can a leveraged ETF go negative? No. If you own a leveraged ETF you can't lose more than your initial investment amount. You would never be liable for more than you invested; in a sense, the amount you could lose is capped.
Citigroup Says as Many as 50% of All ETFs Lose Money for Their Issuers.
Key Takeaways. ETFs can be safe investments if used correctly, offering diversification and flexibility. Indexed ETFs, tracking specific indexes like the S&P 500, are generally safe and tend to gain value over time. Leveraged ETFs can be used to amplify returns, but they can be riskier due to increased volatility.
Leveraged ETF prices tend to decay over time, and triple leverage will tend to decay at a faster rate than 2x leverage. As a result, they can tend toward zero.
Are ETFs Safer Than Stocks? ETFs are baskets of stocks or securities, but although this means that they are generally well diversified, some ETFs invest in very risky sectors or employ higher-risk strategies, such as leverage.
ETFs are subject to market fluctuation and the risks of their underlying investments. ETFs are subject to management fees and other expenses.
One isn't safer than the other. It all depends on what the fund owns. For example, an ETF invested in emerging markets would normally be considered riskier than one investing in developed markets, like the US. Or an index fund holding stocks might be considered riskier than one holding bonds.
Finding the best long-term ETFs can help reward you if you buy and hold, allowing you to compound your money over time. Even small differences in returns, just a few percent annually, can create an amazing improvement in your total wealth.
What happens to my ETF if Vanguard fails?
The securities that underlie the funds are held by a custodian, not by Vanguard. Vanguard is paid by the funds to provide administration and other services. If Vanguard ever did go bankrupt, the funds would not be affected and would simply hire another firm to provide these services.
In terms of safety, neither the mutual fund nor the ETF is safer than the other due to its structure. Safety is determined by what the fund itself owns. Stocks are usually riskier than bonds, and corporate bonds come with somewhat more risk than U.S. government bonds.
Hold ETFs throughout your working life. Hold ETFs as long as you can, give compound interest time to work for you. Sell ETFs to fund your retirement. Don't sell ETFs during a market crash.
1. Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO 0.82%) Legendary investor Warren Buffett has said that the best investment the average American can make is a low-cost S&P 500 index fund like the Vanguard S&P 500 ETF.
You expose your portfolio to much higher risk with sector ETFs, so you should use them sparingly, but investing 5% to 10% of your total portfolio assets may be appropriate. If you want to be highly conservative, don't use these at all.
Should you invest in ETFs? Since ETFs offer built-in diversification and don't require large amounts of capital in order to invest in a range of stocks, they are a good way to get started. You can trade them like stocks while also enjoying a diversified portfolio.
The largest Aggressive ETF is the iShares Core Aggressive Allocation ETF AOA with $1.77B in assets. In the last trailing year, the best-performing Aggressive ETF was AOA at 10.83%. The most recent ETF launched in the Aggressive space was the iShares ESG Aware Aggressive Allocation ETF EAOA on 06/12/20.
If an ETF still has large trading volumes, a price that isn't moving radically up and down with each new trade, and fairly small bid-ask spreads (see the next section), then the market price is likely a better indicator of portfolio's true value than the NAV, and it is safe to proceed with a trade.
It's important to understand what is meant by “decay” in the context of leveraged ETFs. When we say that a leveraged ETF decays, we mean that its returns can diverge significantly from what we might expect based on the performance of the underlying index.
ETFs are considered to be low-risk investments because they are low-cost and hold a basket of stocks or other securities, increasing diversification. For most individual investors, ETFs represent an ideal type of asset with which to build a diversified portfolio.
Is it better to hold stocks or ETFs?
Stock-picking offers an advantage over exchange-traded funds (ETFs) when there is a wide dispersion of returns from the mean. Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) offer advantages over stocks when the return from stocks in the sector has a narrow dispersion around the mean.
Symbol | Name | 5-Year Return |
---|---|---|
IYW | iShares U.S. Technology ETF | 24.71% |
XSD | SPDR S&P Semiconductor ETF | 24.26% |
FTEC | Fidelity MSCI Information Technology Index ETF | 23.66% |
VGT | Vanguard Information Technology ETF | 23.50% |
Strategy and Risk Tolerance
Unlike ETFs, mutual funds can offer more specific strategies as well as blends of strategies. Mutual funds offer the same type of indexed investing options as ETFs but also an array of actively and passively managed options that can be fine-tuned to cater to an investor's needs.
ETF | Assets under management | Expense ratio |
---|---|---|
Invesco QQQ Trust (ticker: QQQ) | $244 billion | 0.2% |
VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH) | $14 billion | 0.35% |
Consumer Discretionary Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLY) | $19 billion | 0.09% |
Global X Uranium ETF (URA) | $3 billion | 0.69% |
Too much diversification can dilute performance
Adding new ETFs to a portfolio that includes this Energy ETF would decrease its performance. Since the allocation to the Energy ETF will naturally decrease - and so will its contribution to the total portfolio return.
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